Imagine, you are developing Java software and suddenly you encounter errors. Where could have possibly gone wrong?
There are many types of errors that you will encounter while developing Java software, but most are avoidable. If you have an error monitoring tool such as Stackify Retrace, you can write code with ease.
In this article you will find:
Read on to learn about the most common issues and their workarounds.
Compiler error messages are created when the Java software code is run through the compiler. It is important to remember that a compiler may throw many error messages for one error. So, fix the first error and recompile.
This error occurs when something is missing from the code. Often this happens as result of a missing semicolon or closing parenthesis.
private static double volume(String solidom, double alturam, double areaBasem, double raiom) {
double vol;
if (solidom.equalsIgnoreCase("esfera"){
vol=(4.0/3)*Math.pi*Math.pow(raiom,3);
}
else {
if (solidom.equalsIgnoreCase("cilindro") {
vol=Math.pi*Math.pow(raiom,2)*alturam;
}
else {
vol=(1.0/3)*Math.pi*Math.pow(raiom,2)*alturam;
}
}
return vol;
}
Often this error message does not pinpoint the exact location of the issue. To find it:
Check out an example of how a missed parenthesis can create an error (@StackOverflow).
The “unclosed string literal” error message is created when the string literal ends without quotation marks and the message will appear on the same line as the error.
public abstract class NFLPlayersReference {
private static Runningback[] nflplayersreference;
private static Quarterback[] players;
private static WideReceiver[] nflplayers;
public static void main(String args[]){
Runningback r = new Runningback("Thomlinsion");
Quarterback q = new Quarterback("Tom Brady");
WideReceiver w = new WideReceiver("Steve Smith");
NFLPlayersReference[] NFLPlayersReference;
Run();// {
NFLPlayersReference = new NFLPlayersReference [3];
nflplayersreference[0] = r;
players[1] = q;
nflplayers[2] = w;
for ( int i = 0; i < nflplayersreference.length; i++ ) {
System.out.println("My name is " + " nflplayersreference[i].getName());
nflplayersreference[i].run();
nflplayersreference[i].run();
nflplayersreference[i].run();
System.out.println("NFL offensive threats have great running abilities!");
}
}
private static void Run() {
System.out.println("Not yet implemented");
}
}
Commonly, this happens when:
Read a discussion of the unclosed string literal Java software error message. (@Quora)
There are numerous reasons why an “illegal start of an expression” error occurs. It ends up being one of the less-helpful error messages. Some developers say it’s caused by bad code.
Usually, expressions are created to produce a new value or assign a value to a variable. The compiler expects to find an expression and cannot find it because the syntax does not match expectations. (@StackOverflow) It is in these statements that the error can be found.
} // ADD IT HERE
public void newShape(String shape) {
switch (shape) {
case "Line":
Shape line = new Line(startX, startY, endX, endY);
shapes.add(line);
break;
case "Oval":
Shape oval = new Oval(startX, startY, endX, endY);
shapes.add(oval);
break;
case "Rectangle":
Shape rectangle = new Rectangle(startX, startY, endX, endY);
shapes.add(rectangle);
break;
default:
System.out.println("ERROR. Check logic.");
}
}
} // REMOVE IT FROM HERE
}
Browse discussions of how to troubleshoot the “illegal start of an expression” error. (@StackOverflow)
This is a very common issue because all identifiers in Java need to be declared before they are used. When the code is being compiled, the compiler does not understand what the identifier means.
There are many reasons you might receive the “cannot find symbol” message:
Read a thorough discussion of the “cannot find symbol” error and several code examples that create the same issue. (@StackOverflow)
The “public class XXX should be in file” message occurs when the class XXX and the Java program filename do not match. The code will only be compiled when the class and Java file are the same. (@coderanch)
package javaapplication3;
public class Robot {
int xlocation;
int ylocation;
String name;
static int ccount = 0;
public Robot(int xxlocation, int yylocation, String nname) {
xlocation = xxlocation;
ylocation = yylocation;
name = nname;
ccount++;
}
}
public class JavaApplication1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
robot firstRobot = new Robot(34,51,"yossi");
System.out.println("numebr of robots is now " + Robot.ccount);
}
}
To fix this issue:
See an example of the “Public class XXX should be in file” error. (@StackOverflow)
“Incompatible types” is an error in logic that occurs when an assignment statement tries to pair a variable with an incompatible type. It often comes when the code tries to place a text string into an integer — or vice versa. This is not a Java syntax error. (@StackOverflow)
test.java:78: error: incompatible types
return stringBuilder.toString();
^
required: int
found: String
1 error
There really isn’t an easy fix when the compiler gives an “incompatible types” message:
Check out an example of how trying to assign a string to an integer created the “incompatible types.” (@StackOverflow)
This Java software errors message means the return type of a method was not explicitly stated in the method signature.
public class Circle
{
private double radius;
public CircleR(double r)
{
radius = r;
}
public diameter()
{
double d = radius * 2;
return d;
}
}
There are a few ways to trigger the “invalid method declaration; return type required” error:
Follow an example of how constructor naming triggered the “invalid method declaration; return type required” issue. (@StackOverflow)
This Java software errors message is one of the more helpful error messages. It explains how the method signature is calling the wrong parameters.
RandomNumbers.java:9: error: method generateNumbers in class RandomNumbers cannot be applied to given types;
generateNumbers();
required: int[]
found:generateNumbers();
reason: actual and formal argument lists differ in length
The method called is expecting certain arguments defined in the method’s declaration. Check the method declaration and call carefully to make sure they are compatible.
This discussion illustrates how a Java software error message identifies the incompatibility created by arguments in the method declaration and method call. (@StackOverflow)
The “missing return statement” message occurs when a method does not have a return statement. Each method that returns a value (a non-void type) must have a statement that literally returns that value so it can be called outside the method.
public String[] OpenFile() throws IOException {
Map<String, Double> map = new HashMap();
FileReader fr = new FileReader("money.txt");
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(fr);
try{
while (br.ready()){
String str = br.readLine();
String[] list = str.split(" ");
System.out.println(list);
}
} catch (IOException e){
System.err.println("Error - IOException!");
}
}
There are a couple of reasons why a compiler throws the “missing return statement” message:
Check out an example of how to fix the “missing return statement” Java software error. (@StackOverflow)
“Possible loss of precision” occurs when more information is assigned to a variable than it can hold. If this happens, pieces will be thrown out. If this is fine, then the code needs to explicitly declare the variable as a new type.
A “possible loss of precision” error commonly occurs when:
This explanation of Primitive Data Types in Java shows how the data is characterized. (@Oracle)
This error message usually occurs in Java when the program is missing the closing curly brace (“}”). Sometimes it can be quickly fixed by placing it at the end of the code.
public class mod_MyMod extends BaseMod
public String Version()
{
return "1.2_02";
}
public void AddRecipes(CraftingManager recipes)
{
recipes.addRecipe(new ItemStack(Item.diamond), new Object[] {
"#", Character.valueOf('#'), Block.dirt
});
}The above code results in the following error:
java:11: reached end of file while parsing }
Coding utilities and proper code indenting can make it easier to find these unbalanced braces.
This example shows how missing braces can create the “reached end of file while parsing” error message. (@StackOverflow)
“Unreachable statement” occurs when a statement is written in a place that prevents it from being executed. Usually, this is after a break or return statement.
for(;;){
break;
... // unreachable statement
}
int i=1;
if(i==1)
...
else
... // dead code
Often simply moving the return statement will fix the error. Read the discussion of how to fix unreachable statement Java software error. (@StackOverflow)This occurs when a local variable declared within a method has not been initialized. It can occur when a variable without an initial value is part of an if statement.
int x;
if (condition) {
x = 5;
}
System.out.println(x); // x may not have been initializedRead this discussion of how to avoid triggering the “variable <X> might not have been initialized” error. (@reddit)
This issue occurs when operators are used for types, not in their definition.
operator < cannot be applied to java.lang.Object,java.lang.ObjectThis often happens when the Java code tries to use a type string in a calculation. To fix it, the string needs to be converted to an integer or float.
Read this example of how non-numeric types were causing a Java software error warning that an operator cannot be applied to a type. (@StackOverflow)
The “inconvertible types” error occurs when the Java code tries to perform an illegal conversion.
TypeInvocationConversionTest.java:12: inconvertible types
found : java.util.ArrayList<java.lang.Class<? extends TypeInvocationConversionTest.Interface1>>
required: java.util.ArrayList<java.lang.Class<?>>
lessRestrictiveClassList = (ArrayList<Class<?>>) classList;
^For example, booleans cannot be converted to an integer.
Read this discussion about finding ways to convert inconvertible types in Java software. (@StackOverflow)
You’ll get the “missing return value” message when the return statement includes an incorrect type. For example, the following code:
public class SavingsAcc2
{
private double balance;
private double interest;
public SavingsAcc2()
{
balance = 0.0;
interest = 6.17;
}
public SavingsAcc2(double initBalance, double interested)
{
balance = initBalance;
interest = interested;
}
public SavingsAcc2 deposit(double amount)
{
balance = balance + amount;
return;
}
public SavingsAcc2 withdraw(double amount)
{
balance = balance - amount;
return;
}
public SavingsAcc2 addInterest(double interest)
{
balance = balance * (interest / 100) + balance;
return;
}
public double getBalance()
{
return balance;
}
}
Returns the following error:
SavingsAcc2.java:29: missing return value
return;
^
SavingsAcc2.java:35: missing return value
return;
^
SavingsAcc2.java:41: missing return value
return;
^
3 errorsUsually, there is a return statement that doesn’t return anything.
Read this discussion about how to avoid the “missing return value” Java software error message. (@coderanch)
This Java error occurs when a void method tries to return any value, such as in the following example:
public static void move()
{
System.out.println("What do you want to do?");
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
int userMove = scan.nextInt();
return userMove;
}
public static void usersMove(String playerName, int gesture)
{
int userMove = move();
if (userMove == -1)
{
break;
}Often this is fixed by changing to method signature to match the type in the return statement. In this case, instances of void can be changed to int:
public static int move()
{
System.out.println("What do you want to do?");
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
int userMove = scan.nextInt();
return userMove;
}Read this discussion about how to fix the “cannot return a value from method whose result type is void” error. (@StackOverflow)
This error occurs when the compiler tries to access non-static variables from a static method (@javinpaul):
public class StaticTest {
private int count=0;
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
count++; //compiler error: non-static variable count cannot be referenced from a static context
}
}To fix the “non-static variable . . . cannot be referenced from a static context” error, try these two things:
Read this tutorial that explains what is the difference between static and non-static variables. (@sitesbay)
This issue occurs when the Java code tries to call a non-static method in a non-static class. Here is an example:
class Sample
{
private int age;
public void setAge(int a)
{
age=a;
}
public int getAge()
{
return age;
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
System.out.println(“Age is:”+ getAge());
}
}Would return this error:
Exception in thread “main” java.lang.Error: Unresolved compilation problem:
Cannot make a static reference to the non–static method getAge() from the type SampleTo call a non-static method from a static method is to declare an instance of the class calling the non-static method.
Read this explanation on what is the difference between non-static methods and static methods.
You’ll get the “(array) <X> not initialized” message when an array has been declared but not initialized. Arrays are fixed in length so each array needs to be initialized with the desired length.
The following code is acceptable:
AClass[] array = {object1, object2}
As is:
AClass[] array = new AClass[2];
…
array[0] = object1;
array[1] = object2;
But not:
AClass[] array;
…
array = {object1, object2};Read this discussion of how to initialize arrays in Java software. (@StackOverflow)
Runtime exceptions are exception that can’t be caught during the compilation phase. They require running the actual application to encounter the error.
This is a runtime error message that occurs when the code attempts to access an array index that is not within the values. The following code would trigger this exception:
String[] name = {“tom”, “dick”, “harry”};
for(int i = 0; i<=name.length; i++) {
System.out.print(name[i] +‘\n’);
}
Here’s another example (@DukeU):
int[] list = new int[5];
list[5] = 33; // illegal index, maximum index is 4Array indexes start at zero and end at one less than the length of the array. Often it is fixed by using “<” instead of “<=” when defining the limits of the array index.
Check out this example on how an index triggered the “ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException” Java software error message. (@StackOverflow)
This is an issue that occurs when the code attempts to access a part of the string that is not within the bounds of the string. Usually, this happens when the code tries to create a substring of a string that is not of the same length as the parameter. Here’s an example (@javacodegeeks):
public class StringCharAtExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String str = “Java Code Geeks!”;
System.out.println(“Length: “ + str.length());
//The following statement throws an exception, because
//the request index is invalid.
char ch = str.charAt(50);
}
}Like array indexes, string indexes start at zero. When indexing a string, the last character is at one less than the length of the string. The “StringIndexOutOfBoundsException” Java software error message usually means the index is trying to access characters that aren’t there.
Here’s an example that illustrates how the “StringIndexOutOfBoundsException” can occur and how to fix it. (@StackOverflow)
A “NullPointerException” will occur when the program tries to use an object reference that does not have a value assigned to it (@geeksforgeeks).
// A Java program to demonstrate that invoking a method
// on null causes NullPointerException
import java.io.*;
class GFG
{
public static void main (String[] args)
{
// Initializing String variable with null value
String ptr = null;
// Checking if ptr.equals null or works fine.
try
{
// This line of code throws NullPointerException
// because ptr is null
if (ptr.equals(“gfg”))
System.out.print(“Same”);
else
System.out.print(“Not Same”);
}
catch(NullPointerException e)
{
System.out.print(“NullPointerException Caught”);
}
}
}The Java program often raises an exception when:
Here’s a discussion of when developers encounter the “NullPointerException” error and how to handle it. (@StackOverflow)
The “NoClassDefFoundError” will occur when the interpreter cannot find the file containing a class with the main method. Here’s an example from DZone (@DZone):
If you compile this program:
class A
{
// some code
}
public class B
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
A a = new A();
}
}Two .class files are generated: A.class and B.class. Removing the A.class file and running the B.class file, will get you the “NoClassDefFoundError”:
Exception in thread “main” java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: A
at MainClass.main(MainClass.java:10)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: A
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)This can happen if:
Read this discussion of why “NoClassDefFoundError” occurs when running Java software. (@StackOverflow)
This error message will occur when the Java software tries to call a method of a class and the method no longer has a definition (@myUND):
Error: Could not find or load main class wiki.java
Often the “NoSuchMethodFoundError” Java software error occurs when there is a typo in the declaration.
Read this tutorial to learn how to avoid the error message “NoSuchMethodFoundError”. (@javacodegeeks)
“NoSuchProviderException” occurs when a security provider is requested that is not available (@alvinalexander):
javax.mail.NoSuchProviderException
When trying to find why “NoSuchProviderException” occurs, check:
Read this discussion of what causes “NoSuchProviderException” when you run Java software. (@StackOverflow)
“AccessControlException” indicates that requested access to system resources such as a file system or network is denied, as in this example from JBossDeveloper (@jbossdeveloper):
ERROR Could not register mbeans java.security.
AccessControlException: WFSM000001: Permission check failed (permission “(“javax.management.MBeanPermission” “org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.LoggerContextAdmin#-
[org.apache.logging.log4j2:type=51634f]” “registerMBean“)” in code source “(vfs:/C:/wildfly-10.0.0.Final/standalone/deployments/mySampleSecurityApp.war/WEB-INF/lib/log4j-core-2.5.
jar )” of “null”)Read this discussion of a workaround used to get past an “AccessControlException” error. (@github)
An “ArrayStoreException” occurs when the rules of casting elements in Java arrays are broken. Be very careful about what values you place inside an array. (@Roedyg) For instance, this example from JavaScan.com illustrates that this program (@java_scan):
/* …………… START …………… */
public class JavaArrayStoreException {
public static void main(String… args) {
Object[] val = new Integer[4];
val[0] = 5.8;
}
}
/* …………… END …………… */Results in the following output:
Exception in thread “main” java.lang.ArrayStoreException: java.lang.Double
at ExceptionHandling.JavaArrayStoreException.main(JavaArrayStoreException.java:7)When an array is initialized, the sorts of objects allowed into the array need to be declared. Then each array element needs to be of the same type of object.
Read this discussion of how to solve for the “ArrayStoreException”. (@StackOverflow)
This Java software error message means something may be wrong with the class definition files on the network. Here’s an example from The Server Side (@TSS_dotcom):
Java(TM) Plug–in: Version 1.3.1_01
Using JRE version 1.3.1_01 Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM
User home directory = C:\Documents and Settings\Ankur
Proxy Configuration: Manual Configuration
Proxy: 192.168.11.6:80
java.lang.ClassFormatError: SalesCalculatorAppletBeanInfo (Bad magic number)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass0(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source)
at sun.applet.AppletClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)
at sun.plugin.security.PluginClassLoader.access$201(Unknown Source)
at sun.plugin.security.PluginClassLoader$1.run(Unknown Source)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.plugin.security.PluginClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at sun.applet.AppletClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at java.beans.Introspector.instantiate(Unknown Source)
at java.beans.Introspector.findInformant(Unknown Source)
at java.beans.Introspector.(Unknown Source)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Unknown Source)
at sun.beans.ole.OleBeanInfo.(Unknown Source)
at sun.beans.ole.StubInformation.getStub(Unknown Source)
at sun.plugin.ocx.TypeLibManager$1.run(Unknown Source)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.plugin.ocx.TypeLibManager.getTypeLib(Unknown Source)
at sun.plugin.ocx.TypeLibManager.getTypeLib(Unknown Source)
at sun.plugin.ocx.ActiveXAppletViewer.statusNotification(Native Method)
at sun.plugin.ocx.ActiveXAppletViewer.notifyStatus(Unknown Source)
at sun.plugin.ocx.ActiveXAppletViewer.showAppletStatus(Unknown Source)
at sun.applet.AppletPanel.run(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)The “bad magic number” error message happens when:
Read this discussion of how to find the reason for a “bad magic number”. (@coderanch)
This error message refers to the data stream from a file or network socket that has stopped working or is closed from the other end (@ExpertsExchange).
Exception in thread “main” java.net.SocketException: Broken pipe
at java.net.SocketOutputStream.socketWrite0(Native Method)
at java.net.SocketOutputStream.socketWrite(SocketOutputStream.java:92)
at java.net.SocketOutputStream.write(SocketOutputStream.java:115)
at java.io.DataOutputStream.writeThe causes of a “broken pipe” error often include:
Read this discussion of what is the Java error “broken pipe”. (@StackOverflow)
This Java error message usually occurs when the code tries to invoke Java with the wrong arguments (@ghacksnews):
Error: Could not create the Java Virtual Machine
Error: A fatal exception has occurred. Program will exit.It often is caused by a mistake in the declaration in the code or allocating the proper amount of memory to it.
Read this discussion of how to fix the Java software error “Could not create Java Virtual Machine”. (@StackOverflow)
The “class file contains wrong class” issue occurs when the Java code tries to find the class file in the wrong directory, resulting in an error message similar to the following:
MyTest.java:10: cannot access MyStruct
bad class file: D:\Java\test\MyStruct.java
file does not contain class MyStruct
Please remove or make sure it appears in the correct subdirectory of the classpath.
MyStruct ms = new MyStruct();
^To fix this error, these tips should help:
Read this discussion of how to fix a “class file contains wrong class” error. (@StackOverflow)
The “ClassCastException” message indicates the Java code is trying to cast an object to the wrong class. Here is an example from Java Concept of the Day:
package com;
class A
{
int i = 10;
}
class B extends A
{
int j = 20;
}
class C extends B
{
int k = 30;
}
public class ClassCastExceptionDemo
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
A a = new B(); //B type is auto up casted to A type
B b = (B) a; //A type is explicitly down casted to B type.
C c = (C) b; //Here, you will get class cast exception
System.out.println(c.k);
}
}Results in this error:
Exception in thread “main” java.lang.ClassCastException: com.B cannot be cast to com.C at com.ClassCastExceptionDemo.main(ClassCastExceptionDemo.java:23)
The Java code will create a hierarchy of classes and subclasses. To avoid the “ClassCastException” error, make sure the new type belongs to the right class or one of its parent classes. If Generics are used, these errors are are caught when the code is compiled.
Read this tutorial on how to fix “ClassCastException” Java software errors. (@java_concept)
The “ClassFormatError” message indicates a linkage error and occurs when a class file cannot be read or interpreted as a class file.
Caused by: java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is
not native or abstract in class file javax/persistence/GenerationType
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(Unknown Source)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(Unknown Source)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)There are several reasons why a “ClassFormatError” can occur:
Read this discussion about what causes the “ClassFormatError” in Java. (@StackOverflow)
“ClassNotFoundException” only occurs at run time — meaning a class that was there during compilation is missing at run time. This is a linkage error.
Much like the “NoClassDefFoundError” this issue can occur if:
Read this discussion of what causes “ClassNotFoundException” for more cases. (@StackOverflow)
This Java issue will occur when something goes wrong with a static initialization (@GitHub). When the Java code later uses the class, the “NoClassDefFoundError” error will occur.
java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
at org.eclipse.mat.hprof.HprofIndexBuilder.fill(HprofIndexBuilder.java:54)
at org.eclipse.mat.parser.internal.SnapshotFactory.parse(SnapshotFactory.java:193)
at org.eclipse.mat.parser.internal.SnapshotFactory.openSnapshot(SnapshotFactory.java:106)
at com.squareup.leakcanary.HeapAnalyzer.openSnapshot(HeapAnalyzer.java:134)
at com.squareup.leakcanary.HeapAnalyzer.checkForLeak(HeapAnalyzer.java:87)
at com.squareup.leakcanary.internal.HeapAnalyzerService.onHandleIntent(HeapAnalyzerService.java:56)
at android.app.IntentService$ServiceHandler.handleMessage(IntentService.java:65)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:145)
at android.os.HandlerThread.run(HandlerThread.java:61)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: in == null
at java.util.Properties.load(Properties.java:246)
at org.eclipse.mat.util.MessageUtil.(MessageUtil.java:28)
at org.eclipse.mat.util.MessageUtil.(MessageUtil.java:13)
… 10 moreThere needs to be more information to fix the error. Using getCause() in the code can return the exception that caused the error to be returned.
Read this discussion about how to track down the cause of the “ExceptionInInitializerError”. (@StackOverflow)
An “IllegalBlockSizeException” will occur during decryption when the length message is not a multiple of 8 bytes. Here’s an example from ProgramCreek.com (@ProgramCreek):
@Override
protected byte[] engineWrap(Key key) throws IllegalBlockSizeException, InvalidKeyException {
try {
byte[] encoded = key.getEncoded();
return engineDoFinal(encoded, 0, encoded.length);
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
IllegalBlockSizeException newE = new IllegalBlockSizeException();
newE.initCause(e);
throw newE;
}
}The causes for the “IllegalBlockSizeException” can be:
Read this discussion about how to prevent the “IllegalBlockSizeException” Java software error message. (@StackOverflow)
A “BadPaddingException” will occur during decryption when padding was used to create a message that can be measured by a multiple of 8 bytes. Here’s an example from Stack Overflow (@StackOverflow):
javax.crypto.BadPaddingException: Given final block not properly padded
at com.sun.crypto.provider.SunJCE_f.b(DashoA13*..)
at com.sun.crypto.provider.SunJCE_f.b(DashoA13*..)
at com.sun.crypto.provider.AESCipher.engineDoFinal(DashoA13*..)
at javax.crypto.Cipher.doFinal(DashoA13*..)Encrypted data is binary so don’t try to store it in a string or the data will not be padded properly during encryption.
Read this discussion about how to prevent the “BadPaddingException”. (@StackOverflow)
An “IncompatibleClassChangeError” is a form of LinkageError that can occur when a base class changes after the compilation of a child class. This example is from How to Do in Java (@HowToDoInJava):
Exception in thread “main” java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError: Implementing class
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(Unknown Source)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(Unknown Source)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(Unknown Source)
at net.sf.cglib.core.DebuggingClassWriter.toByteArray(DebuggingClassWriter.java:73)
at net.sf.cglib.core.DefaultGeneratorStrategy.generate(DefaultGeneratorStrategy.java:26)
at net.sf.cglib.core.AbstractClassGenerator.create(AbstractClassGenerator.java:216)
at net.sf.cglib.core.KeyFactory$Generator.create(KeyFactory.java:144)
at net.sf.cglib.core.KeyFactory.create(KeyFactory.java:116)
at net.sf.cglib.core.KeyFactory.create(KeyFactory.java:108)
at net.sf.cglib.core.KeyFactory.create(KeyFactory.java:104)
at net.sf.cglib.proxy.Enhancer.(Enhancer.java:69)When the “IncompatibleClassChangeError” occurs, it is possible that:
Try deleting all class files and recompiling everything, or try these steps to resolve the “IncompatibleClassChangeError”. (@javacodegeeks)
This Java software error message is when a file with the specified pathname does not exist.
@Override public ParcelFileDescriptor openFile(Uri uri,String mode) throws FileNotFoundException {
if (uri.toString().startsWith(FILE_PROVIDER_PREFIX)) {
int m=ParcelFileDescriptor.MODE_READ_ONLY;
if (mode.equalsIgnoreCase(“rw”)) m=ParcelFileDescriptor.MODE_READ_WRITE;
File f=new File(uri.getPath());
ParcelFileDescriptor pfd=ParcelFileDescriptor.open(f,m);
return pfd;
}
else {
throw new FileNotFoundException(“Unsupported uri: “ + uri.toString());
}
}
In addition to files not exhibiting the specified pathname, this could mean the existing file is inaccessible.
Read this discussion about the “FileNotFoundException”. (@StackOverflow)
An “EOFException” is thrown when an end of file or end of the stream has been reached unexpectedly during input. Here’s an example from JavaBeat of an application that throws an EOFException:
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.EOFException;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
public class ExceptionExample {
public void testMethod1(){
File file = new File(“test.txt”);
DataInputStream dataInputStream = null;
try{
dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
while(true){
dataInputStream.readInt();
}
}catch (EOFException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally{
try{
if (dataInputStream != null){
dataInputStream.close();
}
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args){
ExceptionExample instance1 = new ExceptionExample();
instance1.testMethod1();
}
}Running the program above results in the following exception:
java.io.EOFException
at java.io.DataInputStream.readInt(DataInputStream.java:392)
at logging.simple.ExceptionExample.testMethod1(ExceptionExample.java:16)
at logging.simple.ExceptionExample.main(ExceptionExample.java:36)When there is no more data while the class “DataInputStream” is trying to read data in the stream, “EOFException” will be thrown. It can also occur in the “ObjectInputStream” and “RandomAccessFile” classes.
Read this discussion about when the “EOFException” can occur while running Java software. (@StackOverflow)
This Java software error message is thrown when the character encoding is not supported (@Penn).
public UnsupportedEncodingException()
It is possible that the Java Virtual Machine being used doesn’t support a given character set.
Read this discussion of how to handle “UnsupportedEncodingException” while running Java software. (@StackOverflow)
A “SocketException” message indicates there is an error creating or accessing a socket (@ProgramCreek).
public void init(String contextName, ContextFactory factory) {
super.init(contextName, factory);
String periodStr = getAttribute(PERIOD_PROPERTY);
if (periodStr != null) {
int period = 0;
try {
period = Integer.parseInt(periodStr);
} catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
}
if (period <= 0) {
throw new MetricsException(“Invalid period: “ + periodStr);
}
setPeriod(period);
}
metricsServers =
Util.parse(getAttribute(SERVERS_PROPERTY), DEFAULT_PORT);
unitsTable = getAttributeTable(UNITS_PROPERTY);
slopeTable = getAttributeTable(SLOPE_PROPERTY);
tmaxTable = getAttributeTable(TMAX_PROPERTY);
dmaxTable = getAttributeTable(DMAX_PROPERTY);
try {
datagramSocket = new DatagramSocket();
}
catch (SocketException se) {
se.printStackTrace();
}
}We encounter this exception when the we reach the maximum number of connection. This can happen due to:
Read this discussion of how to resolve “SocketException” issues while running Java software. (@StackOverflow)
This Java software errors message occurs when there is a failure in SSL-related operations. The following example is from Atlassian (@Atlassian):
com.sun.jersey.api.client.ClientHandlerException: javax.net.ssl.SSLException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unexpected error: java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException: the trustAnchors parameter must be non–empty
at com.sun.jersey.client.apache.ApacheHttpClientHandler.handle(ApacheHttpClientHandler.java:202)
at com.sun.jersey.api.client.Client.handle(Client.java:365)
at com.sun.jersey.api.client.WebResource.handle(WebResource.java:556)
at com.sun.jersey.api.client.WebResource.get(WebResource.java:178)
at com.atlassian.plugins.client.service.product.ProductServiceClientImpl.getProductVersionsAfterVersion(ProductServiceClientImpl.java:82)
at com.atlassian.upm.pac.PacClientImpl.getProductUpgrades(PacClientImpl.java:111)
at com.atlassian.upm.rest.resources.ProductUpgradesResource.get(ProductUpgradesResource.java:39)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at com.atlassian.plugins.rest.common.interceptor.impl.DispatchProviderHelper$ResponseOutInvoker$1.invoke(DispatchProviderHelper.java:206)
at com.atlassian.plugins.rest.common.interceptor.impl.DispatchProviderHelper$1.intercept(DispatchProviderHelper.java:90)
at com.atlassian.plugins.rest.common.interceptor.impl.DefaultMethodInvocation.invoke(DefaultMethodInvocation.java:61)
at com.atlassian.plugins.rest.common.expand.interceptor.ExpandInterceptor.intercept(ExpandInterceptor.java:38)
at com.atlassian.plugins.rest.common.interceptor.impl.DefaultMethodInvocation.invoke(DefaultMethodInvocation.java:61)
at com.atlassian.plugins.rest.common.interceptor.impl.DispatchProviderHelper.invokeMethodWithInterceptors(DispatchProviderHelper.java:98)
at com.atlassian.plugins.rest.common.interceptor.impl.DispatchProviderHelper.access$100(DispatchProviderHelper.java:28)
at com.atlassian.plugins.rest.common.interceptor.impl.DispatchProviderHelper$ResponseOutInvoker._dispatch(DispatchProviderHelper.java:202)
…
Caused by: javax.net.ssl.SSLException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unexpected error: java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException: the trustAnchors parameter must be non–empty
…
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unexpected error: java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException: the trustAnchors parameter must be non–empty
…
Caused by: java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException: the trustAnchors parameter must be non–emptyThis can happen if:
Read this discussion of what can cause the “SSLException” error in Java software. (@StackOverflow)
A “MissingResourceException” occurs when a resource is missing. If the resource is in the correct classpath, this is usually because a properties file is not configured properly. Here’s an example (@TIBCO):
java.util.MissingResourceException: Can‘t find bundle for base name localemsgs_en_US, locale en_US
java.util.ResourceBundle.throwMissingResourceException
java.util.ResourceBundle.getBundleImpl
java.util.ResourceBundle.getBundle
net.sf.jasperreports.engine.util.JRResourcesUtil.loadResourceBundle
net.sf.jasperreports.engine.util.JRResourcesUtil.loadResourceBundleRead this discussion of how to fix “MissingResourceException” while running Java software.
A “NoInitialContextException” error occurs when the Java application wants to perform a naming operation but can’t create a connection (@TheASF).
[java] Caused by: javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file: java.naming.factory.initial
[java] at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getInitialContext(NamingManager.java:645)
[java] at javax.naming.InitialContext.getDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:247)
[java] at javax.naming.InitialContext.getURLOrDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:284)
[java] at javax.naming.InitialContext.lookup(InitialContext.java:351)
[java] at org.apache.camel.impl.JndiRegistry.lookup(JndiRegistry.java:51)This can be a complex problem to solve but here are some possible issues that cause the “NoInitialContextException” Java software errors message:
Read this discussion of what “NoInitialContextException” means when running Java software. (@StackOverflow)
A “NoSuchElementException” error happens when an iteration (such as a “for” loop) tries to access the next element when there is none.
public class NoSuchElementExceptionDemo{
public static void main(String args[]) {
Hashtable sampleMap = new Hashtable();
Enumeration enumeration = sampleMap.elements();
enumeration.nextElement(); //java.util.NoSuchElementExcepiton here because enumeration is empty
}
}
Output:
Exception in thread “main” java.util.NoSuchElementException: Hashtable Enumerator
at java.util.Hashtable$EmptyEnumerator.nextElement(Hashtable.java:1084)
at test.ExceptionTest.main(NoSuchElementExceptionDemo.java:23)These methods throw the “NoSuchElementException”:
Read this tutorial on how to fix “NoSuchElementException” in Java software. (@javinpaul)
This Java software errors message is thrown when an application tries to access a field in an object but the specified field no longer exists in the object (@sourceforge).
public NoSuchFieldError()Usually, the compiler catches this error. However, it will be caught during runtime if a class definition has been changed between compiling and running.
Read this discussion of how to find what causes the “NoSuchFieldError” when running Java software. @StackOverflow
This Java software error message occurs when the application tries to convert a string to a numeric type, but that the number is not a valid string of digits (@alvinalexander).
package com.devdaily.javasamples;
public class ConvertStringToNumber {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
String s = “FOOBAR”;
int i = Integer.parseInt(s);
// this line of code will never be reached
System.out.println(“int value = “ + i);
}
catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
nfe.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
The compiler throws the error “NumberFormatException” when:
Read this discussion of how to avoid “NumberFormatException” when running Java software. (@StackOverflow)
This Java software errors message occurs when a blocking operation runs for too long ands results in a timeout.
private void queueObject(ComplexDataObject obj) throws TimeoutException, InterruptedException {
if (!queue.offer(obj,10,TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
TimeoutException ex=new TimeoutException(“Timed out waiting for parsed elements to be processed. Aborting.”);
throw ex;
}
}Read this discussion about how to handle “TimeoutException” when running Java software. (@StackOverflow)
For the ultimate Java developer’s toolkit, don’t forget to download The Comprehensive Java Developer’s Guide.
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